Morfología y función del intestino delgado en crías de ratas en un modelo de crecimiento intrauterino retardado

Miriela Martínez Martínez, Mercedes Gámez Fonseca, Concepción González Sabín, Víctor Manuel Rodríguez Sosa, Tania Hidalgo Costa, Martha Elena Herrera Álvarez

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Resumen

El desarrollo fetal se caracteriza por patrones secuenciales de crecimiento y maduración orgánica y tisular determinados por el medio materno, la función útero-placentaria y el potencial de crecimiento genético inherente al feto. La limitación de este potencial de crecimiento se denomina Crecimiento Intrauterino Retardado (CIUR). Las alteraciones fisiopatológicas que acompañan a esta entidad contribuyen al deterioro de la función intestinal, e incrementan la ocurrencia de alteraciones nutricionales durante la vida extrauterina. Las ratas criadas mediante un modelo de CIUR inducido después de ligadura de las arterias uterinas de los cuernos uterinos de la madre mostraron valores disminuidos de las variables somatométricas, bioquímicas y morfofuncionales del estudio. Las variables descriptivas de la morfofunción intestinal se asociaron estrechamente con los indicadores nutricionales empleados en la descripción del estado
nutricional del animal. Los resultados expuestos avalan la utilidad del modelo restrictivo gestacional empleado en este estudio.

Palabras clave

Desnutrición; Crecimiento Intrauterino Retardado; Modelos experimentales; Evaluación nutricional

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